Math steps

Absolute value

Returns the absolute value of a given input. Absolute value is the number without its sign - i.e. always positive or zero.

Parameters
  • Input column: required, a numeric column (decimal or integer).

  • Target column: required, configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

5

5

-5

5

10.5

10.5

-10.5

10.5

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See also
  • abs function in CTL.


Round step

Returns to the nearest whole (integer) number. Mathematical rounding is used - values ending in digit 5 will be rounded away from zero, values less than 5 will round towards zero.

Parameters
  • Input column: a number to round, must be a decimal column.

  • Precision: specifies the number of digits to round the input to

    • 0: round to whole numbers.

    • Positive value: round to specified number of decimal places.

    • Negative value: round to multiples of 10, 100, etc.

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Precision Output value

Description

4.125

0

4

Rounds to the nearest whole number.

-4.125

0

-4

Rounds to the nearest whole number.

4.125

1

4.1

Rounds to one decimal place.

-4.125

1

-4.1

Rounds to one decimal place.

4.125

2

4.13

Rounds to two decimal places.

-4.125

2

-4.13

Rounds to two decimal places.

453.4

-1

450

Rounds to the nearest multiple of 10.

453.4

-2

500

Rounds to the nearest multiple of 100.

null

(any)

Error

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See also

Truncate

Truncate step removes decimal portion of a number and converts it to an integer.

Parameters
  • Input column: required, a decimal column to truncate.

  • Target column: requried, configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of integer type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

1.2

1

Decimal portion is removed.

2.9

2

Decimal portion is removed. Note that Truncate step does not round decimal numbers, it just removes the decimal part of it.

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See also

Square root

Returns the square root of a positive numerical input (decimal or integer) as a positive decimal or integer.

Parameters
  • Input column: a numeric column (decimal or integer).

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

4

2

-4

Error

No square root for a negative number.

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Square root of a negative number is a complex number which cannot be stored in decimal. Calling Square root on negative numbers will result in an error.

  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See Also
  • sqrt function in CTL.


Exponential

The Exponential step performs the exponential function (f(x) = ex) on the values in the selected input column. Constant e is approximately 2.7182818285 and is the base of the natural logarithm.

Parameters
  • Input column: required, a numeric column (decimal or integer).

  • Target column: required, configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

-2

0.13533…​

e-2 = 0.13533…​. The larger a negative number in a column is, the closer the exponential function value is to 0.

0

1

e0 = 1

1

2.7182818284

e1 = 2.7182818284 = e

51

Error

e44 = 1.409 x 1022 which is too large to fit into a decimal column.

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

  • Exponential cannot be applied to values larger than ln(max_decimal) = 50.6568720458. Larger input values will result in an error since the output value is too large to be stored in a decimal column.

See also

Raise number to a power

The Raise number to a power step computes the value of a number raised to a power. It allows you to compute value of xy where x comes from your data set and y is a fixed (constant) value you provide as a parameter.

Parameters
  • Input column: a numeric column (decimal or integer) - the base of the power.

  • Power: required, the exponent to which the base is raised. You can use integers as well as decimals (including fractions).

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Power Output value Description

2

2

4

22 = 4

2

2.5

5.6568542494

22.5 = 5.6568542494

-2

2.5

Error

Raising negative numbers to fractional powers is not defined.

2

0.5

1.4142…​

2 0.5 = 1.4142…​

No value

Any power

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

Natural logarithm

The Natural logarithm step computes the mathematical natural logarithm (loge(x) or sometimes also ln(x)) of the values in the selected input column.

Parameters
  • Input column: a numeric column (decimal or integer).

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

1

0

1000000

13.8155105579

-2

Error

Natural logarithm is not defined for negative numbers and results in an error.

0

Error

Natural logarithm is not defined for 0 and results in an error.

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

  • Natural logarithm step can only be applied to values greater than 0. Natural logarithm is not defined for zero or negative values and will return an error.

See also

Common logarithm

The Common logarithm step computes the common logarithm of the input values (log10(x) or sometimes also log(x)). Common is a logarithm with base equal to 10.

Parameters
  • Input column: a numeric column (decimal or integer).

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

1

0

1000000

6

-2

Error

Common logarithm is not defined for negative numbers and results in an error.

0

Error

Common logarithm is not defined for 0 and results in an error.

No value

Error

No value input results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

  • Common logarithm step can only be applied to values greater than 0. Common logarithm is not defined for zero or negative values and will return an error.

See also

Ceiling

Ceiling step rounds the number up to the nearest integer. Negative numbers are rounded towards zero while positive numbers are rounded away from zero.

Parameters
  • Input column: a decimal column.

  • Target column: configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of decimal type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

2.1

3

Positive numbers are rounded away from zero.

-2.9

-2

Negative numbers are rounded towards zero.

No value

Error

Calling Ceiling on an empty value results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See also
  • Floor step to round numbers down to the nearest integer.

  • Round step to round numbers to provided number of decimal places.

  • Truncate step to remove decimal portion of a number.

  • ceil function in CTL.


Floor

Floor step rounds the number down to the nearest integer. Negative numbers are rounded away from zero while positive numbers are rounded towards zero.

Examples
Input value Output value Description

-2.1

-3

Negative numbers are rounded down away from zero.

2.9

2

Positive numbers are rounded down towards zero.

No value

Error

Calling Floor on an empty value results in an error.

Remarks
  • Applying the step to No value cells (cells containing null) will result in an error.

See also
  • Ceiling step to round numbers down to the nearest integer.

  • Round step to round numbers to provided number of decimal places.

  • Truncate step to remove decimal portion of a number.

  • floor function in CTL.


Division remainder

The Division remainder step computes a remainder after division of the first argument with the second argument (same as % operator).

Parameters
  • Input column: required, an integer column containing the data divide by the Divisor.

  • Divisor: required, an integer value used as a divisor. The value cannot be zero as that will cause "division by zero" error.

  • Target column: required, configure the column which will receive the output. Output will always be of integer type.

    • Write result to the current column: overwrite the input column with the result.

    • Create new column with name: create a new column with specified name. Name of the new column can contain spaces or special characters - technical column name will be created automatically. The new column will be placed right after the input column.

Examples
Input value Divisor Output value Description

10

3

1

10 % 3 = 1
(10 / 3 has remainder 1)

10

5

0

10 % 5 = 0
(10 / 5 has remainder 0)

-10

5

0

-10 % 5 = 0
(-10 / 5 has remainder 0)

No value

5

No value

Empty or missing value will not return Error.

any value

0

Error

Division by zero is not allowed.

Remarks
  • Divisor input parameter allows only positive whole numbers.